Nairobi, – Dembi ku oogidda ay Somaliland dhawaanahan kula kacaysay dadka ka hadla arimaha xasaasiga ah ayaa khatar weyn ku ah xoriyadda hadalka, sida ay maanta sheegtay hay’adda Human Rights Watch. Waxaa ugu dambeeyay dacwad lagu oogay oday dhaqameed caan ah kaasoo 26-kii Abriil 2018 lagu xukumay 5 sano oo xabsi ah, ka dib markii ay maxkamad kiiskiisa qaaday muddo ka yar saacad.
Dowladda Somaliland ayaa bishii lasoo dhaafay dacwad kusoo oogtay saddex qof, ayadoo adeegsanaysa qodobo aan caddeyn oo xakameeya xoriyadda hadalka. Shuruucdan ayaa loo adeegsadaa in dembi laga dhigo ka horimaanshaha siyaasadaha dowladda iyo weliba dhaleeceynta ama aflagaadeynta mas’uuliyiinta dowladda.
“Waxaa sii yaraanaya fursadda ay shacabka ku dhaliili karaan qaabka ay dowladda Somaliland u wajahayso arimaha la isku khilaafsan yahay, maadaama ay dowladda dacwad dembiyeed ku aamusiso dadka dhaliilsan,” ayay tiri Laetitia Bader oo ah cilmi baare sare oo Human Rights Watch u qaabilsan Afrika. Waxay intaa ku dartay “Jawaabta adag ee ay dowladda ka bixinayso arintan ayaa dharbaaxo ku ah ilaalinta xuquuqda aadanaha, waxaana ay si xun u dhaawici kartaa sumcadda dowladda.”
Dhibaatada ka dhalata dembi kusoo oogidda ayaan ku koobneyn dadka la eedeeyay. Kiisaskaasi ayaa sidoo kale diraya farriin ah in dowladda aanay u dulqaadan doonin dhaliilaha qaar, taasoo abuuri karta xaalad ah in warbaahinta ay iskeed isu faafreebto.
Somaliland ayaa sanadkii 1991 ku dhawaaqday inay ka go’day Soomaaliya inteeda kale, balse weli ma aanay helin aqoonsi caalami ah. Waxa ay soohdin la leedahay maamulka Puntland. Tan iyo bishii Janaayo, waxa ay xiisad colaadeed ka taagneyd deegaan ka tirsan gobolka Sool oo ay isku hayaan Somaliland iyo Puntland. Iska horimaad ka dhacay Tukaraq ayaa keenay in ciidamada Somaliland ay deegaankaasi kala wareegaan kuwa Puntland.
19-kii Abriil, booliska Somaliland ayaa xiray Boqor Cismaan Aw-Maxamuud oo ku magac dheer “Buur Madow” ka dib markii uu ku baaqay in Somaliland iyo Puntland ay kala qaadaan ciidamada isku hor fadhiya Sool, xilli uu ka qeybgalayay caleemasaar madax dhaqameed oo ka dhacayay Puntland. Xeer ilaaliyaha Somaliland ayaa 26-kii Abriil ku eedeeyay Boqor Buur Madow inuu jeediyay hadallo dhaawac ku ah madax bannaanida Somaliland iyo faafinta warar been abuur ah. Isla maalintaasi ayaa lagu xukumay shan sano oo xabsi ah. Dhagaysiga racfaankiisa ayaa loo asteeyay 8-da Mey, balse dib ayaa loo dhigay.
15-kii Abriil, Naciima Axmed Ibraahim oo ah abwaanad caan baxday, ayaa lagu xukumay saddex sano oo xabsi ah, ayadoo lagu eedeeyay inay wax u dhintay jiritaanka Somaliland ayna u ololeyneyso in Somaliland ay dib ula midowdo Soomaaliya. Naciima ayaa cafis madaxweyne lagu sii daayay 7-dii Mey ka dib markii ay xirneyd in ka badan saddex bilood.
16-kii Abriil, Maxamed Kayse Maxamuud oo ka mid ah dadka wax ku qora internet-ka ayaa lagu xukumay 18 bilood oo xabsi ah, asagoo loo haysto inuu ku xadgudbay sharafta madaxweynaha Somaliland, ka dib qoraal uu soo dhigay Facebook uu ku sheegay in madaxweynaha uu yahay madaxweyne maxalli ah oo aan gaarsiisneyn heer qaran.
Weriyayaasha ayaa lagula kacay cagajugleyn iyo maxkamadeyn, ayagoo loo adeegsanayo qodobo sharciyeed oo aan caddeyn. Sida ay sheegtay Xarunta Xuquuqda Aadanaha, oo ah ururka ugu weyn ee u dooda xuquuqda aadanaha ee Somaliland, tan iyo markii uu xilka la wareegay madaxweyne Muuse Biixi Cabdi bishii Disembar 2017, afar weriye ayaa lagu helay dembiyo la xiriira magac dil iyo kuwo kale oo dembi ka dhigaya dacaayadda ama aflagaadada ka dhanka ah dalka. Dhammaan afartaasi weriye ayaa lagu xukumay xabsi balse markii dambe waxaa xukunkooda loo bedelay ganaax lacageed.
Waa in baarlamaanka Somaliland uu si degdeg ah meesha uga saaraa dhammaan shuruucda dembiga ka dhigaya xoriyadda ka hadalka afkaarta siyaasadeed, gaar ahaan in la dhaliilo dowladda ama astaamaha qaranka, ayay tiri Human Rights Watch. Inta xilligaasi laga gaarayo, waa in dacwad oogga Somaliland uu joojiyaa adeegsiga shuruucdaasi.
Dhagaysiga dacwadaha loo adeegsado shuruucdaasi xadgudubka ah ayaa mararka qaar meel uga dhacay hannaanka asaasiga u ah ee maxkamadeynta cadaaladda ah. Boqor Buur Madow ayaa lagu eedeeyay, laguna xukumay dhagaysi dacwadeed oo qaatay wax ka yar saacad. Laba qof oo goobjoog u ahaa maxkamadeyntaasi ayaa sheegay in garsooraha uu diidday codsi uga yimid Boqor Buur Madow oo ahaa in dib loo dhigo kiiskiisa si uu u helo qareen.
Dad goobjoog u ahaa dhagaysiga dacwadda Naciima Axmed ayaa sheegay inay ku eedeysay saraakiil ka tirsan sirdoonka Somaliland inay u hanjabeen, dharbaaxeen ayna u geysteen tacaddiyo jinsi ah labadii maalmood ee ugu horreysay xabsiga. Waxa ay sidoo kale ku eedeysay askari ka tirsan laanta dembi baarista inuu si xun ula dhaqmay.
Mid kamid ah qareenada Naciima ayaa u sheegay Human Rights Watch in garsoorayaasha kiiskeeda ay aqbaleen caddeyn uu sheegay in si qasab ah lagu keenay. Waxa uu sheegay in maxkamadda aanay waxba ka qaban codsiga qareennada Naciima oo ku baaqay in baaritaan lagu sameeyo eedeymaha ay jeedisay ee ah in lagu dhibaateeyay xabsiga. Isla qareenkaasi oo matalay Maxamed Kayse ayaa sheegay in booliska ay si isdaba joog ah ugu diideen inuu la kulmo macmiilkiisa ka hor inta aan maxkamadda lasoo taagin iyo in markii ugu horreysay uu si toos ah ula kulmay maalintii koobaad ee maxkamadeyntiisa.
Dastuurka Somaliland ee 2001 ayaa damaanad qaadaya xoriyadda hadalka iyo tan warbaahinta, “si waafaqsan sharciga.” Balse xeerka ciqaabta ee la dhaqangaliyay 1964 ayaa waxaa ku jira tiro qodobo aan caddeyn kuwaasoo ay ka mid yihiin inay dembi tahay ku xadgudubka sharafta madaxweynaha, aflagaadeynta mas’uul dowladda ka tirsan ama hay’ad dowliga ah iyo xaqiraadda qaranka ama calanka. Dadka arimahaasi lagu helo ayaa lagu xukumi karaa ilaa saddex sano oo xabsi ah.
Sida ku cad xeerka Guddiga Afrika ee Xuquuqda Aadanaha, “Waa in dadka haya xilalka waaweyn ee bulshada ka dhexmuuqda ay si macquul ah u wajahaan dhaliil ballaaran si ka duwan dadka caadiga ah, haddii kale waxaa lumaya doodaha bulshada ay yeelan karto.”
“Waa in Somaliland ay isbedel ku samaysaa shuruucdeeda ayna joojisaa maxkamadeynta dadka soo bandhiga aragtidooda siyaasadeed,” ayay tiri Bader oo intaa ku dartay, “taa bedelkeeda waa inay xoogga saartaa baaritaanka tacaddiyada ka dhanka ah dadka xiran iyo abuuridda jawi ay dadka si xor ah uga dooddi karaan ugana faalloon karaan arimaha xasaasiga ah ayaga oo aan ka baqayn inay faafreeb isku sameeyaan.
HRW
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